2. wrangle-intro

Published by onesixx on

http://r4ds.had.co.nz/wrangle-intro.html

 

 

tibbles

개요

data.frame 대신에 그것의 변종인 tibbles

vignette("tibble")

 

tibble만들기

data frame 에서 tibble로 변환

as_tibble(iris) %>% str()
tbl_df(iris)    %>% str()

 반대로 tibble이 안 먹는 old function이 있는 경우

as.data.frame(tb)

 

새로 만들기 

tibble(
  a = lubridate::now()  + runif(1e1) * 86400,
  b = lubridate::today()+ runif(1e1) * 30,
  c = 1:1e1,
  d = runif(1e1),
  e = sample(letters, 1e1, replace = TRUE)
)

 

data.frame과 차이점  

1. printing

nycflights13::flights %>% 
  print(n = 16, width = Inf)

2.  subsetting

options(digits=2)
#options(scipen=666)

df <- tibble( x = runif(5) , y = rnorm(5))

df$x; df[["x"]]; df[[1]]

df %>% .$x ; df %>% .[["x"]]; df %>% .[[1]]

 

data import

you’ll learn how to get your data from disk and into R.
We’ll focus on plain-text rectangular formats, but will give you pointers to packages that help with other types of data.

read.table() 구분자로 공백문자, 소수점으로 도트 문자 사용한 파일
read.delim() 구분자로 Any delimiter (tab문자), 소수점으로 도트 문자 사용한 파일
read.delim2() 구분자로 tab문자, 소수점으로 콤마 문자 사용한 파일
read.csv() 구분자로 콤마문자, 소수점으로 도트 문자 사용한 파일
read.csv2() 구분자로 세미콜론 문자, 소수점으로 콤마 문자 사용한 파일
read_tsv() 구분자로 tab문자

 

 

 

tidy data

a consistent way of storing your data that makes transformation, visualisation, and modelling easier.

Following three rules makes a dataset tidy: variables are in columns, observations are in rows, and values are in cells.

 

data transformation

 

  • Relational data will give you tools for working with multiple interrelated datasets.

  • Strings will introduce regular expressions, a powerful tool for manipulating strings.

  • Factors are how R stores categorical data.
    They are used when a variable has a fixed set of possible values, or when you want to use a non-alphabetical ordering of a string.

  • Dates and times will give you the key tools for working with dates and date-times.

 

 

Categories: R Tidyverse

onesixx

Blog Owner

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